Employment centers are government agencies that provide intermediary services to employers and citizens free of charge. Any citizen over the age of 16 has the right to register with the Labor Exchange.
To do this, you need to find a division of the Employment Center that serves the population at the place of registration of the applicant, and bring there the documents required by the Labor Exchange inspectors. The number of documents depends on whether the citizen has worked before or is looking for work for the first time.
Unemployed status
Unemployed status is assigned to women who find themselves in one of the following life situations:
- not officially employed;
- the employing organization is going through a liquidation process (in this case, you need to contact the labor exchange as soon as possible;
- completing full-time full-time studies in educational organizations;
- bankruptcy of your own business and closure of individual entrepreneurs;
- if the husband is doing military service in the Russian army.
The next step for an unemployed pregnant woman is to collect the necessary documents and contact the Employment Center.
Documents for the Labor Exchange
In 2021, citizens seeking work for the first time must submit to the Labor Exchange:
- passport;
- TIN;
- insurance certificate;
- education document;
- work book or other document confirming the citizen’s professional qualifications;
- certificate of income for the last 3 months.
Employment Service inspectors may require additional documents in strictly defined cases. Citizens looking for work for the first time must provide a passport and diploma (certificate). Since the applicant did not work, he does not have a work book.
Package of documents for application
The process of applying to the labor exchange is regulated by the Federal Law “On Employment in the Russian Federation”. It spells out what to do if you lose your main job.
ATTENTION! First, you need to find out the address of the Employment Center in the area of your actual residence, and not by registration.
To register with the Employment Center, an unemployed pregnant woman needs to prepare and bring the following documents:
- a statement of the established form ( it can be written directly at the center );
- passport of a Russian citizen;
- work book;
- documents confirming the employee’s qualifications ( certificate, diploma, certificate, etc. );
- a statement of wages for 3 months from the previous employer ( on the basis of this data the amount of benefits is calculated );
- SNILS ( insurance certificate of state pension insurance );
- TIN ( A4 document from the tax office );
- an extract from deregistration with the tax authority ( for women who were registered as an individual entrepreneur );
- a certificate from a gynecologist is not a mandatory document in the package, however, if the fact is obvious, it is better to prepare it in advance to eliminate questions and reject the application on formal grounds. In the end, a document can be made and provided only in case of irreconcilable disagreements with an exchange employee on this matter.
An incomplete package of documents is grounds for refusal to register. This applies to all citizens, regardless of gender and health status, including pregnant girls. In this case, the agency employee must point out shortcomings in the collected package of documents and explain the algorithm for further actions.
ATTENTION! A woman in an interesting position is not obliged to tell anyone about it.
Therefore, when asked by exchange employees about your pregnancy, you don’t have to give an answer, even more so. If it doesn't catch your eye. In addition, the law does not provide for liability for dishonest responses to questions from curious employment center specialists.
Accordingly, refusal to process documents due to pregnancy is a gross violation and a reason to check the competence of the labor inspector.
A woman can register with the employment center up to the 30th week. At a later date, according to the law, maternity leave begins.
Even if the fact of pregnancy is visible to the naked eye, they cannot refuse to register you. The only limitation is a period exceeding 7.5 months. A document confirming the period can be obtained from the antenatal clinic. At later stages of pregnancy, it is considered that the woman cannot perform labor functions and is sent on maternity leave to prepare for childbirth.
The next step is to fill out an applicant questionnaire, on the basis of which a search for suitable positions will be made. It reflects qualifications, professional skills, knowledge and abilities, education received, work experience and personal wishes for a future place of work.
IMPORTANT! When conducting an interview with a direct employer, a girl needs to remember that pregnancy is not a reason for refusal to work. This is illegal.
However, it is worth negotiating very carefully if there is this nuance. Still, the employer needs an employee, not a chance to do a good deed and help the expectant mother. This can be beneficial if you are aiming to receive benefits. In such a situation, it is better to immediately tell the HR employee about your situation in order to formalize a reasoned refusal on the part of the employer.
What can you count on
Losing or not having a job is a difficult life situation in which you can count on government help. In this case, you can count on receiving
The main benefit and purpose of contacting an employment center is to receive unemployment benefits. The amount of payments depends on the salary at the previous place of work. To do this, a corresponding certificate is obtained from the previous employer. Be careful when receiving it, because the amount of cash payments depends on the specified amount.
Amount and terms of payments to pregnant women at the labor exchange
One of the main conditions that must be observed by a pregnant woman is that registration should be strictly before the 30th week of pregnancy.
Whether or not to talk about your “interesting” situation to representatives of the exchange is the choice of every girl. However, it is worth understanding that those citizens who can fulfill their job obligations for quite a long time are hired faster, therefore, unfortunately, many employers specifically refuse employment to pregnant women who want to find a job for a few months and then go on vacation and receive maternity benefits.
Konstantin Frolov
Lawyer, ready to answer your questions.
If you need
free advice on benefits and benefits, being in a position, or you find yourself in a difficult situation, contact our experienced lawyers by phone or through an online consultant.
They will answer your questions and offer solutions. The amount of the benefit, the payment of which is due to each unemployed citizen registered on the exchange, including a pregnant woman, will be calculated in accordance with the law. Depending on the amount of wages received over the last 3 months from the previous employer, a woman can count on receiving the following payments:
- In the first three months of being at the Employment Center, 75% of average earnings will be paid;
- From the fourth month, the amount of payments will decrease and will be 60% of the income received. This amount of benefit will be paid over the next four months;
If a woman has not previously had any work experience, as a result of which her average income received in one calendar month cannot be determined, then the labor exchange will make payments corresponding to the minimum benefit established for 2021.
After the 30th week of pregnancy, employees of the state organization will recognize the woman as having gone on maternity leave, and therefore benefit accruals will stop. In this situation, as a rule, the citizen is recommended to contact the social security service to apply for the appropriate benefits there. Girls carrying babies are the most vulnerable category of citizens whom employers do not want to employ, therefore the state provides pregnant women with various assistance aimed at improving the financial situation of the mother and her unborn child.
To accurately calculate unemployment benefits, use the online calculator
How much pay
According to the established standards, 75% of official earnings are paid for the first 3 months, and 60% for the next six months, 45% for up to a year and at the minimum rate for the second year without work. Taking into account the timing of pregnancy, the girl can count on 7 months of benefits.
However, the labor exchange has restrictions on payments: the minimum benefit in 2021 is 1,500 rubles, the maximum was increased this year and is 8,000 rubles. In addition, payments may be increased by the regional coefficient.
ATTENTION! The amount of financial compensation is affected by the reason for dismissal.
There are nuances in calculating the exact amount of benefits, and the most accurate way to find out the final amount that is due to be paid by law is to consult with a specialist from the relevant authority. If a woman did not have a job before contacting the center, benefits will be calculated at minimum rates.
The exchange pays cash benefits for pregnant women until the onset of maternity leave. After this, the benefit is canceled and maternity benefits are paid. Additionally, the Employment Center helps in obtaining a medical policy, issuing a birth certificate and a sick leave certificate.
Unemployment or maternity benefits
As birth approaches, documents must be reissued to receive a new type of support. To do this, you will have to become familiar with the work of social security authorities. It is this body that is responsible for paying maternity benefits, as well as a one-time benefit for the birth of a baby (in 2021 it is just under 17,500 rubles).
Only full-time students and employees of liquidated companies can apply for maternity benefits.
ATTENTION! If you did not previously have an official place of work, unfortunately, the exchange will not be able to pay maternity leave benefits. You need to prepare for this mentally in advance and not play out the drama in the last months of pregnancy.
After childbirth, there are two options for the development of events:
- a woman can receive child care benefits until the child reaches the age of one and a half years (payment of benefits is carried out through the social protection authorities);
- a young mother is reinstated on the stock exchange after finishing her sick leave and returning from maternity leave (benefits are paid through the employment center).
It will not be possible to combine both options; this is prohibited, so you need to decide which scenario is optimal in terms of financial and organizational parameters for your case. As practice shows, restoring the status of unemployed is a less profitable option, since the benefit for a newborn is higher.
However, here again you need to start from the specific situation.
Receiving funds due to unemployment is not government charity.
To maintain your payment, you need to report on what you did to find a job: show marks, prove refusals and convince inspectors that you are concerned about solving the employment problem.
From an economic point of view, the most profitable option is part-time employment. In this case, it becomes possible to receive a salary and retain the right to receive benefits for caring for a newborn.
What to do if pregnancy occurs while at the labor exchange
Looking for a job should not completely deprive a girl of her personal life, including the opportunity to build a full-fledged family. Therefore, it is often possible to encounter situations where a woman finds out about pregnancy while she is at the labor exchange, where she is searching for a new employer. After receiving such good news, the unemployed woman has two options for further developments.
Firstly, in the early stages it is impossible for a third party to recognize that a woman is pregnant, so the girl has every right not to tell the exchange employees and the future employer about her situation and, having signed an employment contract, begin cooperation, and after the appropriate period has arrived, write an application for leave and receive maternity leave
The second option is to provide a certificate to the labor exchange about your pregnancy, as a result of which the Employment Center employees will no longer provide the woman with vacancies with a difficult schedule and dangerous conditions for consideration.
After seven months of pregnancy, the woman will receive a document indicating further incapacity for work, and therefore unemployment benefits will no longer be paid, but the girl remains registered. After the birth of the baby, she can return to the labor exchange in order to obtain a certificate stating that she was previously registered with this state organization, and then deregister. With the received document, the young mother should contact the social security authority in order to obtain financial support for child care.
Procedure
So, you have decided to register as a pregnant unemployed person. In this case, you need to do the following:
- check again whether you have sufficient grounds for registration;
- collect the necessary documents from the list described above;
- bring them to the Employment Center for documentation verification by the relevant services;
- go through the registration process, which takes place on the day the papers are submitted, if there are no comments on the formal list and substance;
- within 10 working days from the date of registration you will receive at least 2 job offers (2 refusals by the applicant are grounds for deregistration on the exchange) ;
- if no suitable offer is received during this period, the status of unemployed is registered and the accrual of cash benefits begins;
- before the start of maternity leave, the expectant mother will receive job offers that she will have to respond to;
- In addition to vacancies, information will be received about advanced training courses or educational seminars that will allow you to master a new or improve an old profession.
Systematic refusal of vacancies is grounds for deregistration. If this happens, re-registration will be available a month later. Life is unpredictable, and pregnancy can occur in a girl who is already registered at the labor exchange. In this case, there is no need to hide the fact of waiting for replenishment.
You must provide the relevant certificate from the antenatal clinic to the Employment Center. This will be the basis for a more careful selection of vacancies. For example, a woman in this position will not be offered work in dangerous conditions, shift work, night shifts, etc.
On the other hand, it is not necessary to notify the exchange, but when the thirtieth week approaches, in any case, you will have to start the process of re-registration and preparation for the birth of a child.
Deadlines for registration with the employment center
You can join the labor exchange after dismissal at your own request at any time. Only those who registered with the Employment Center within 2 weeks after dismissal can count on payments in the amount of their salary, providing a certificate of income in Form 2-NDFL. It is recommended that those who were laid off due to staff reduction comply with the same deadline in order to receive all due payments.
Unemployed status is assigned 10 days after contacting the employment service. During this period, the applicant is offered two options for getting a job or the opportunity to retrain. If no vacancy is suitable, the calculation of unemployment benefits begins after this period, but the entire time starting from the day of application is taken into account.
The minimum benefit amount from 2021 is 1,500 rubles, the maximum is 8,000.
When calculating, not only salary is taken into account, but also length of service at previous places of work, absence of dismissals due to disciplinary sanctions, etc. Regional authorities can increase the amount of benefits at their discretion and based on the capabilities of local budgets.
A person is given a year to find a job: it is for this period that the payment of benefits from the central labor protection center is calculated. If registered in a timely manner, their size is calculated according to the following scheme:
- 75% of earnings at the last place of work are transferred in the first three months;
- 60% - in subsequent ones;
- 45% - all remaining months of the year.
Despite this, the total amounts payable will not exceed the above limits. Even for people who had relatively higher earnings, the amount of monthly benefits during the entire period will not exceed the maximum of 8,000 rubles.
