Adopting a child by a single unmarried woman - find out: how to adopt without a husband and what is needed for this in 2021

Society is biased towards single men who decide to adopt a child.

There is a stereotype that a man should start a family and raise children born in marriage.

Not all people are ready to get married, but some want to have a child, an heir. Can a man adopt a child in Russia? The Family Code allows a single, capable, healthy man to adopt a child.

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How single men come to the idea of ​​adopting a child

There are people who do not want to get married and have their own children for various reasons.
Pregnancy and childbirth change your life dramatically, so taking an older child who has self-care skills and is an individual seems like an easier option.

Also, fertility can be hampered by diseases of the reproductive system, the presence of certain chronic diseases that this man does not want to pass on to inheritance.

Usually such a decision is made after 30 years, when a man has a good financial base. If things don’t work out with his own children for various reasons, he begins to wonder whether a single man can adopt a child.

Reasons to consider adoption:

• volunteering. Volunteers get to know the children and want to help them personally;
• infertility, genetic and other diseases that prevent childbearing;
• unsuccessful marriage (without children or with alienation of children by relatives);
• family and religious reasons.

Whatever motivates a man, he can submit an application to the guardianship and trusteeship authorities as a candidate for adoptive parents.

Who can adopt a child

The adoptive parent must be an adult.
He must have an age difference with the adoptee of at least 16 years. The remaining requirements apply to the financial security of the adoptive parent, availability of living space, and state of health.

Attention! The law does not prohibit a single woman from adopting a child. The main thing is that she must meet all the criteria of an adoptive parent, that is, have a stable income, place of residence, be healthy psychologically and physically, and also have no criminal record.

From the orphanage

To pick up a child from an orphanage, you need:

1. Prepare documents according to the list;
2. Contact the guardianship authorities and provide documents;
3. Wait for the application to be reviewed;
4. If you receive a positive conclusion, come to the orphanage;
5. Decide on a candidate for adoption;
6. Apply.

From the maternity hospital

To adopt a child into a family from a maternity hospital, you need:

1. Submit an application to the guardianship authorities and stand in line for adoption;
2. Pass a medical examination;
3. Prepare documents according to the list;
4. Obtain permission from the guardianship authorities for adoption.

Important! The process of preparing documents and the adoption process are extended over time.

When should paternity be established?

The need for restoration may be due to various reasons. The main point is to make an entry about the father in the child’s certificate. This is a formal point of fundamental importance. From the moment the corresponding entry is made, the father and child have mutual rights and obligations. From a legal point of view, this is a legally significant fact.

Several situations should be indicated that may be the reason for starting the indicated procedure:

• when a parent knew about the birth of a child, but deliberately avoided entering his data as data about the father into the certificate. The reasons for this behavior are described above;
• if the parent did not know about the fact of birth. This often happens when parents lose contact with each other, do not enter into marriage or a long-term relationship. Accordingly, over time, the birth of the child becomes known, and the father wishes to formalize his status as a parent.

It must be said that establishing paternity is allowed in any situation. That is, parents can be married or simply run a joint household. It is possible to recognize this fact in relation to a child in the absence of any joint relationship with his mother.

Acknowledgment of paternity is in the best interests of the child. After all, he receives a second parent, which has a beneficial effect on the formation of his personality, behavior, and academic performance. Therefore, government agencies do not create artificial obstacles during the procedure.

Adoption of a child by a single man

The Family Code states that both married couples and single people of any gender have the right to adoption.
Is it really possible to adopt a child alone? Guardianship authorities, by law, do not have the right to refuse a single man if he has a regular income, living space, has passed the School of Foster Parents and can organize all the conditions for the comprehensive development and upbringing of the child.

But if several candidates apply for a child, preference will be given to a married couple.

It should be noted that now in Russia there are several public organizations of single fathers that help men cope with all the difficulties in the paperwork procedure and other issues.

List of required papers

Now you need to figure out how to adopt a child.

Initially, the candidate adoptive parent should collect a package of required documents:

1. passport or identity card;
2. birth certificate>;
3. documents confirming home ownership;
4. autobiography, handwritten or typed on a computer>;
5. a certificate from a medical institution stating that the applicant for adoptive parents does not have any serious or dangerous diseases>;
6. salary certificate from the place of work. It must contain information about the position held;
7. a document confirming no criminal record;
8. act on the compliance of housing conditions with the required standards.

Next, it is recommended to submit a corresponding application to the guardianship and trusteeship authorities. After this, you should receive a report on the inspection of housing conditions. Then the candidacy of a particular person is registered. A candidate for adoptive parents should choose an adopted son or daughter.

After all the required steps, the applicant needs to appear in court, for this he may need the following documents:

1. statement of desire to foster a minor child;
2. a confirmation document confirming registration with the guardianship and trusteeship authorities;
3. consent of the adoptee (once the child reaches the age of ten);
4. a complete list of documents that were previously presented by the candidate to the guardianship authorities.

Registration deadlines

After all documents have been reviewed, an appropriate decision will be made. If the applicant’s candidacy is completely satisfied with the guardianship authorities, then the person will be informed about this. Otherwise, he will also be notified. The processing time varies in each individual case and depends on many factors.

Why can they refuse?

The main reasons why a woman without a husband may be denied adoption of a child boil down to the potential mother’s failure to meet the requirements of the law. For example, if she does not have sufficiently comfortable, comfortable and spacious housing. And if she does not have a job, the income from which could be documented.

But sometimes a refusal can be obtained due to other circumstances. Before a woman is put on the waiting list, she will be checked by commissions from social services. If a single mother, due to her personal characteristics, raises any doubts among specialists, they may refuse her. However, such reasons for refusal do not have an officially established legislative basis, and therefore cannot be applied.

The same applies to cases where a woman without a spouse and a married couple claim a child. The presence/absence of a husband is not a mandatory requirement for an adoptive parent, so this factor should not influence the success of the procedure in any way.

Recognition in the registry office

This local authority is responsible for registering the receipt of a particular status by persons and changing such status. Accordingly, this department stores all information about marriages, divorces, parents of children and the children themselves.

In order to receive the full range of rights to the child, you need to enter information about the father in his certificate. If a person voluntarily wishes to make such changes to the document, he must contact the specified authority with an application.

Establishing paternity is not a complicated procedure, but it has a number of specific features:

• 
  It is impossible to recognize a fact unilaterally. The government agency for registering the father's status must have compelling reasons for this. After all, the status is not documented in any way. Therefore, the interested person is obliged to write a statement to the department and ask to be recognized as the father of a particular child. This statement must be supported by the mother. She must state that the applicant is indeed the father of her child. This application will be considered within a month. If the arguments of the application are supported by the mother, then paternity will be recognized and the corresponding entry will be made in the registration document;

• If the mother does not recognize the paternity of the applicant, then the situation becomes more complicated. In this case, it is necessary to prove this fact. And this can only be done through a lawsuit. Therefore, the application to the registry office will need to be withdrawn;
• if the mother’s whereabouts have not been established, then an application to the registry office will not yield anything. This body will not be able to positively consider the appeal. After all, he will not have information confirming paternity;
• The procedure through the registry office is free. Therefore, there is no need to pay any fees.

As a rule, recognition of the father's status occurs through the registry office. Moreover, the mother is interested in this. After all, after admitting the fact, she will be able to apply for alimony. Therefore, usually there are no problems. But all difficult situations are resolved only by judicial means.

You need to visit the registry office together with the child’s mother, since she must herself declare recognition of the person as the father. Any written statements will not be accepted in the absence of the mother.

Procedure

• Obtain legally certified consent for adoption from the natural father.
• Obtain written permission from the adoptee's mother.
• Prepare a number of necessary documents (listed below).
• Contact your local guardianship office for an adoption certificate. Usually stepmothers and stepfathers are not denied the issuance of this document, and after 5 working days the conclusion is ready.
• Provide a statement of claim, opinion and other documents to the court.
• Take part in the court hearing, as a result of which a decision on adoption is made.

Usually the process of adopting a wife's child by a stepfather takes a maximum of 1-2 months.

Possibility of adoption for a single man

Most citizens wonder whether a single man can adopt a child? The Family Code states that both married couples and single people of any gender have the right to adoption.

According to the law, guardianship and trusteeship authorities do not have the right to refuse a single man when he has a permanent income, living space, has successfully completed the School of Foster Parents and is able to organize all the conditions for the comprehensive development and upbringing of the child.

However, when several candidates apply for a child at once, preference will be given to a married couple.

At the moment, in the Russian Federation there are several public institutions for single fathers that help men cope with any difficulties in the process of completing documentation.

Law

The legislation imposes fairly strict requirements on adoptive parents.
These are requirements for income, living space, and health status. Thus, the state protects the rights of the child. The adoption procedure itself takes place in several stages. In the process, you will have to collect various certificates to submit to the guardianship authorities to obtain approval.

Read also: Double surname when getting married

The Family Code provides an exhaustive list of persons who will not be able to adopt a child. This:

• disabled people;
• previously deprived of rights to a child;
• convicted;
• those who do not have a stable income or permanent place of residence;
• having serious illnesses.

Federal Law of July 24, 1998 No. 124-FZ “On the Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation”

The law does not prohibit single women or men from adopting children.

Instructions on how to adopt a child for a single man

In order to try to become a foster parent, a citizen of the Russian Federation must act decisively .

Submitting an application to the guardianship and trusteeship authority

To do this, submit a special application with the required documents attached.

A single man is subject to extremely strict requirements , which involve checking the following information:

• financial opportunities . The man must provide relevant proof of income. Several sources of income are also possible. The adoptive parent must have the financial ability to support not only himself, but also the small child. Because at any age, children require a lot of expenses for clothing, food, and education.
• No suspended or ordinary criminal records. This is especially true for intentional crimes that harm the health or life of a person. Since a man with a criminal record can have a negative impact on his adopted child, set a negative example.
• State of the adoptive parent. A man’s health should be normal, both from a psychological and physical point of view. Since raising children requires a lot of strength and energy, as well as balance and patience.

Attention: Single adoptive parents are under close scrutiny, their lifestyle and personal data are carefully checked. This is necessary, since these actions will help prevent the child from falling into the hands of a pedophile. A man should really need to take care of children.

How to make an application?

In order to correctly draw up an application, it is better for the adoptive parent to seek help from a competent lawyer . If a man has the necessary knowledge, then he can draw up a document on his own.

To do this, he must follow these rules :

1. the writing style should be formal and businesslike;
2. It is better to prepare the document in printed form;
3. There must be not only the original application, but also three certified copies of it.

This document must contain the following information about the potential adoptive parent:

• Full Name;
• current residential address;
• last name, first name and patronymic of the intended child, his address of residence;
• information about the person being adopted (whether there are parents, relatives, etc.);
• the circumstances of the need to take children into custody;
• request to change the surname and other details of the future adopted child.

You can also request a change in the baby’s date of birth if he is not yet 1 year old. This will help keep this procedure as secret as possible.

What documents should I submit?

To take custody of a child, a single man is required to provide the following documentation:

1. statement;
2. a brief personal biography should contain only important events in a man’s life;
3. certificate of income, profession and position from the place of employment;
4. documentation of the man’s ownership of the home;
5. certificate of absence of criminal liability;
6. a medical report on the health status of the adoptive parent, drawn up in accordance with all requirements for the adoptive parent.

Certificate: All of the above documents are valid for 1 year, except for the certificate of the man’s condition. A medical certificate is valid for no more than 3 months from the date of its receipt.

The man must also provide a passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation or any other document confirming his identity.

A conclusion on the possibility of taking guardianship of a child is issued by the guardianship authority after checking the personal information, as well as the living conditions of the man who wants to take children into his family. This document, which allows you to register as a candidate for adoption, is issued after 2 weeks.

If a man has not yet clearly decided on the choice of children, in order to receive comprehensive information about the candidates, he must submit the following documents to the state bank of information about children:

• an application for adoption with a request to obtain information about children who meet its requirements.
• Profile of a man. It must contain the following information: passport details of the adoptive parent, place of birth, citizenship, place of residence and contact information.
• A document confirming the permission of the guardianship and trusteeship commission for adoption.

Is a stepfather required to undergo training as a person wishing to adopt a child?

If a new husband plans to formalize paternity for his wife’s children from his first marriage, he does not have to attend adoption courses, parenting training, or undergo other special training.

Procedure

What are the stages of the adoption procedure, that is, what actions should a person take in order to make an adoption?

1. Read the laws and regulations governing this issue. Clarify requirements and regulations. If possible, talk to people from the competent authorities involved in this issue, or with women who have experience in receiving a child.
2. Preparation of documentation and submission to the guardianship authority at the place of residence.
3. A special commission will check the submitted papers, and within 15 days the candidate will be visited by the guardianship authority and checked that the living conditions meet the requirements for this event. If everything complies with the established procedure, the person is entered into the database of candidates for adoption and is given a document confirming permission to carry out the procedure. The initiator provides information regarding the wishes regarding the baby whom he would like to adopt (age, nationality, external characteristics, etc.) to the territorial operator of the data bank. A suitable child is selected from the data bank. Representatives of the guardianship authority will check the compliance of living conditions
4. The candidate is provided with a notification about the baby, information about him, and a referral to visit institutions where a child meeting the parameters was found. If everything is satisfactory, the initiator can hold a meeting with the child. It is advisable to conduct the meeting (one of the meetings) in the presence of a representative of the guardianship authority, since at the hearing in court confirmation of the fact of personal communication with the baby will be required. If a suitable candidate is not found in the region where the potential adoptive parent lives, he can submit a request in any other region to the operator of the data bank of children without parental care.
5. After the meeting has been held, the adoptive parent agrees to adopt a particular child, he must notify the guardianship authority and the operator about this. Documents from the initiator and the guardianship authority are submitted to the court, where a hearing is scheduled. At the hearing, the presence of the adoptive parent, a representative of the guardianship authority and the prosecutor's office, and the child himself, if he has reached the age of 14, is required.
6. If the court makes a decision to grant the request, the adoptive parent with this decision goes to the institution where the child is located and, after completing all the papers, can take the child with him.
7. The fact of adoption is registered in all necessary papers and an adoption certificate is issued.

The procedure for adopting a child by a single woman from an orphanage or orphanage is standard. It begins with submitting a request to become a candidate for adoptive parents. This is an application for guardianship at the place of residence. It is considering the possibility of becoming an adoptive parent.

Attached to the application is a package of documents that contains:

1. Brief information about yourself.
2. Confirmation of no criminal record for violating the law in relation to the life and health of citizens.
3. Income declaration or certificate from the employer.
4. Residential property document.
5. Examination by doctors of the established standard about the health of the applicant.

After which the trustee body begins its work. Conducts a check of the applicant’s living conditions and submitted documents. If all conditions and standards are met, the council issues a document for the opportunity to become an adoptive parent. This act allows you to register in order to start choosing a child.

The guardianship creates a schedule according to which the candidate visits institutions where orphans are kept. The expectant mother gets acquainted with the profiles of babies from maternity hospitals.

She has the right:

• request details about children and their relatives;
• contact doctors for information about the health of adopted children.

Her responsibilities towards the child:

• personal meeting and acquaintance;
• studying his documents;
• acquaintance with the conclusion about his state of health with written confirmation.

The search continues until the applicant decides on one or more children. Having decided which child the citizen is ready to accept, she submits an application. This is a request for adoption to the court at the place of residence of the candidate or the location of the child.

The package of documents for the court has a similar composition as for guardianship and in addition:

1. Birth certificate of the candidate.
2. In the case of proceedings against one of the spouses, the consent of the second or a document on the termination of their family relationship.
3. An act of registration as a candidate for adoptive parents or adoptive parents.

The court requires the guardianship to attach:

• the result of a survey of living conditions;
• birth certificate and medical report on the child’s condition;
• consent from a child over 10 years of age;
• new last name, first name, patronymic and registration of adoptive parents by his parents;
• consent of all responsible persons to the adoption.

The applicant will be able to officially become a parent if the court decides positively. New rights and obligations will come into force after confirmation of the candidacy and the announcement of the judicial will.

Only with documents will a recognized candidate be able to take the little citizen into her family by presenting them to a representative of the institution where the child was kept. The guardianship body subsequently checks the conditions of detention and monitors the adaptation of the little citizen.

So, the decision to adopt a child has been made. What needs to be done to get the long-awaited baby home faster? To begin with, the expectant mother needs to psychologically and legally prepare for the upcoming process. As a rule, single adoptive parents are subject to higher requirements than married couples.

You need to be prepared to go through many authorities, collect a huge number of certificates and documents, and answer tricky questions. Therefore, it is necessary to study in advance the list of necessary documents, legislative acts (Family Code of the Russian Federation, requirements for an adoptive parent, etc.) and be patient.

In addition, most single women dream of adopting a very small child. And there are a huge number of people seeking to adopt babies under one year old. In this case, preference is given to complete families. Therefore, the future parent of a baby needs to be prepared for the fact that the procedure will drag on indefinitely.

The next step is to visit the guardianship and trusteeship authorities with an application for the possibility of adopting a child. There, an adoption inspector will talk with the expectant mother. It is very important to make a favorable impression on him and answer the questions posed clearly and competently.

During the conversation, the inspector will definitely find out the reasons that prompted such a bold step, describe the adoption procedure step by step and provide a list of documents necessary for this.

To begin the adoption procedure, the following list of documents must be provided to the guardianship and trusteeship authorities:

• application in 3 copies;
• passport;
• birth certificate;
• autobiography;
• a doctor's opinion on the absence of medical contraindications for adoption (the certificate is valid for 3 months); certificates of income and position from the place of work;
• document confirming no criminal record;
• certificate of ownership of housing or rental agreement.

Some other documents may also be required. A special commission examines the submitted documents and living conditions of the candidate adoptive parent. A decision is made within 15 days based on the results of the inspection. If the answer is positive, the woman receives the status of a candidate adoptive parent for 1 year.

Child selection

So, one of the most difficult stages has been passed: a single woman has received permission to become an adoptive parent. Now she has the right to view the profiles of children in the guardianship authorities at the place of residence.

Also, an expectant mother can seek help in selecting a daughter or son from a regional operator of a data bank for children without parental care. You just need to submit an application with a request to study the information for selecting a baby for adoption, in which you indicate the necessary information about the child.

When submitting an application, you must fill out a form and attach the conclusion of the guardianship authorities on the assignment of adoptive parent status. With correctly completed documents, the operator provides the adoptive parent with information about a suitable child within 10 days.

After reviewing the baby’s personal file, the expectant mother receives permission to meet with him. This can be done within ten days. Meeting a child is a very important step in the adoption process, allowing you to understand whether a woman can love him as her own. After the meeting, the future parent must notify the state data bank operator of his decision.

After a woman has chosen a son or daughter, it is necessary to obtain a court decision to establish the fact of adoption. The adoptive parent applies to the court at the child’s place of residence. The application is accompanied by almost the same documents that were collected for the guardianship authorities.

Review of the application is a closed process. In this case, the presence of the adoptive parent, prosecutor, guardianship and trusteeship authorities is required. If the decision is positive, the happy mother is obliged to pick up the child from the special institution within the prescribed period.

All difficulties are behind us. All that remains is to complete the necessary documents for the adopted child. The newly minted parent must contact the registry office with an application and a court decision to obtain an act establishing the fact of adoption. Based on this act, changes are made to the child’s birth certificate.

>Step-by-step instructions on how a single man can adopt a child

Requirements for an adoptive parent

Any legally competent citizen over 18 years of age can nominate himself or herself as an adoptive parent.
There is no mandatory age difference between those being adopted and the law. The candidate must own living space; living in rental housing is allowed (if there is temporary registration, a rental agreement, etc.).

A stable income above the subsistence level is required, allowing one to support a child, including paying for education, medical care, and basic needs.

A criminal record, deprivation of parental rights and guardianship rights are reasons for refusal of adoption. Persons with drug, alcohol, toxic addiction, as well as patients with tuberculosis, infectious diseases (including HIV), certain mental disorders, and group I disabled people are prohibited from adopting children.

Along with material requirements, justified motives for adoption are important. A man must explain why he decided to adopt a child and not start his own family (if he has no medical contraindications or infertility), and also say that he is expecting a child if he decides to start a family and his own children.

A PPP representative will be present at all meetings with children. A man’s responsible attitude towards adoption and establishing trust with the child will have a positive impact on the decision.

The guardianship officer is the main link in the adoption process. You need to trust him and show awareness of this decision.

What conditions must be met for adoption?

Let's start with the fact that the conditions for adopting a child in Russia for an unmarried woman are no different from the general requirements imposed by the Family Code on all other adoptive parents. So, according to the basic provisions, a citizen who wants to become a foster parent:

• Must not have a criminal record for crimes against personal freedom, sexual freedom, or against children. As well as moderate and serious convictions for other crimes.
• Must have in possession or use a living space in satisfactory condition, the size of which is designed to accommodate the appropriate number of people.
• Must have an official level of income that will allow him to support himself and the child.
• Must not have been deprived of parental rights in the past. And he should not be caught renouncing his parental rights.

In addition, you need to remember an important nuance: a woman and a man who are not officially married cannot become parents of an adopted child. That is, if a woman has a common-law spouse, then only one parent will be able to obtain parental rights for the child.

Adoption process

To try to become an adoptive father, a single resident of the Russian Federation must act decisively.

The adoption procedure will consist of a number of stages:

1. Filing an application.
2. Collection of documentation, inspection by guardianship authorities of the future adoptive parent’s home.
3. Registration of the candidate.
4. Baby's choice.
5. Court hearing.
6. Preparation of documentation in the registry office.

An application for adoption must be submitted to the guardianship authorities at the place of residence. It should be accompanied by the documents required by law.

A representative of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities will examine the living conditions of the adoptive parent. After receiving the inspection report, the guardianship authorities are required to provide a written response within 15 working days. If the result is positive, the candidate will be registered as a potential adoptive parent. A negative response is provided within 5 business days.

Guardianship authorities must provide the candidate with information about children who need parents. In a situation where there is no possibility of adoption at the place of residence, the applicant is able to request information about children from another region.

After obtaining permission to meet the child, the applicant, together with a representative of the OPP, goes to the orphanage. The future adoptive parent must familiarize himself with the baby’s medical record and other documents.

Where are the children available for adoption?

Children of all ages are put on adoption lists. In this regard, there are several institutions where you can find a child without parents.

Adoption from a maternity hospital

Often women are interested in the opportunity to take a refusenik straight from the maternity hospital. The time a newborn spends in the maternity hospital depends on the child’s state of health. If everything is fine with him, then he can be transferred to the Baby House within a month after the baby is born. If the examination reveals the presence of any diseases, the child will first be transferred to the hospital for treatment until his health condition stabilizes.

You will learn how to adopt a newborn baby who has not yet left the maternity hospital in the article “Adopting a child from the maternity hospital.”

Adoption from an orphanage

The Children's Home houses the youngest children - from birth to 3 years old. In cases where the baby is seriously delayed in development, his stay in this institution is extended. But usually no more than a year.

The advantage of adopting a baby from an orphanage aged approximately one year or older is the opportunity to assess the degree of his physiological and mental health.

It is at this age that developmental deviations begin to clearly manifest themselves.

You need to understand that such a baby will require increased care, special sensitivity and, possibly, additional financial costs. Therefore, you need to try to sensibly assess whether one woman, without a spouse, can give this baby everything he needs.

More information on how to adopt a baby from an orphanage can be found in the article “Adopting a baby from an orphanage.”

Adoption from an orphanage

Children aged 3-4 to 18 years are raised in orphanages. It is up to this age that, according to the law, refuseniks are allocated places in social institutions of this type. Moreover, some children live in orphanages with their brothers or sisters. Such babies are not always allowed to be adopted separately. If this decision is justified and will bring tangible benefits to one or more children, then the head of the orphanage is allowed to make an exception to the rule.

Some women think that there are some special requirements for older children. Therefore, specialists from guardianship and trusteeship authorities are often asked how a single mother can adopt a child from an orphanage. In fact, the procedure is no different from adopting very young children into a family. There is one significant nuance only when registering parental rights for a child over 10 years of age.

You will find all the subtleties of this issue, as well as other aspects of adoption from orphanages, in the material “Adopting a child from an orphanage.”

Going to court

A child whose parents:

• died;
• deprived of rights;
• are not included in the children's documents.

If the mother and father are deprived of parental rights, then the right to adoption arises only after 6 months. This period is provided as a chance for parents to correct themselves.

Once a child's candidacy has been selected, the citizen must initiate legal proceedings.

Procedure:

1. Drawing up a statement of claim.
2. Going to court.
3. Getting a solution.

An application to the court for adoption by single people must contain:

• name of the judicial authority;
• applicant details;
• information about the head of the organization in which the child is being raised;
• third party (guardianship department);
• title of the application;
• information about obtaining a conclusion;
• compliance data;
• information about meeting the child;
• contact information;
• reference to law;
• adoption requirements;
• Additional requirements;
• list of documents;
• signature and date.

Claims may include:

• request for adoption;
• requirement to change last name, first name, patronymic;
• a request to change the date of birth (if the child is not older than 6 months);
• requirement for the mother of the child to retain property and personal non-property rights.

Expenses

The law prohibits charging fees to candidates for adoption. The guardianship department and representatives of the orphan organization cannot ask for payment.

In accordance with Art. 126.1 of the RF IC, the actions of intermediaries in the matter of adoption are prohibited.

A medical report and all documents for adoption are issued free of charge.

A single man can be an adoptive parent. The guardianship department and the court do not have the right to refuse him. However, it is necessary to fully comply with the requirements of the law. If you receive a refusal from the guardianship department or in court, you must protect your rights.

Reasons for refusal

The decision to adopt the wife’s children from her first marriage may be refused if the following factors are present:

• a minor who has reached the age of 10 does not want to be adopted;
• one of the biological parents does not give permission;
• mother lives with a man, but the marriage is not registered;
• the adoptive parent has serious chronic illnesses, criminal records and addictions;
• the adoptive parent does not meet the requirements necessary to legitimize paternity;
• State authorized bodies believe that adoption may harm a minor.

When should you go to court?

The grounds for litigation are summarized above.
Typically, difficulties arise when the mother denies paternity of the applicant or her whereabouts are unknown. Often, civil registry office officials or guardianship authorities have doubts about the veracity of the mother’s explanations.

This may be due to her having a mental illness, deprivation of parental rights, or being convicted of a crime against a child.

When the father receives a refusal from the officials of the said municipal body, he is left with only the judicial option. Accordingly, it is necessary to prepare a statement of claim for recognition of paternity. This is a separate category of claims for which there is quite extensive judicial practice.

The presumption of paternity is a legal concept. Its meaning is that if a child was born during marriage or 300 days after its dissolution, then the mother’s spouse (or ex-husband) is recognized as the father.

Adoption procedure

The adoption procedure is standard for all applicants, regardless of whether they are a married couple or a single person going through it. Until 2013, the law required that the difference between the adoptive parent and the adoptee be more than 16 years; now the norm has been abolished.

The adoption procedure consists of several stages.

1. filing an application;
2. collection of documents, inspection by guardianship authorities of the home of the future adoptive parent;
3. registration of the candidate;
4. child's choice;
5. court;
6. registration of documents in the registry office.

The application is submitted to the guardianship authorities at the place of residence, and the documents required by law must be attached to it. A representative of the guardianship and trusteeship authorities examines the living conditions of the adoptive parent. After receiving the inspection report, the guardianship authorities must give a written response within 15 working days. If the answer is positive, the candidate is registered as a potential adoptive parent. A negative response is given within 5 working days.

The guardianship authorities are obliged to provide the candidate with the data of children in need of parents. If adoption at the place of residence is not possible, the applicant may request information about children from other regions. After receiving permission to meet the child, the applicant, together with a representative of the OPP, arrives at the orphanage. The future adoptive parent is obliged to familiarize himself with the child’s medical card and other documents.

Having made a choice, the adoptive parent begins the legal process. For this you need the following documents:

• adoption application;
• a document confirming the applicant’s registration with the authorities of the Public Prosecutor’s Office;
• consent of the child (if he is over 10 years old);
• a package of documents submitted to the guardianship authorities (in 2 copies).

The court hearing is held within the time limits established by law. The meeting must be attended by: the adoptive parent, representatives of the guardianship authorities, the child himself, as well as his representatives. At the request of the applicant, the court may allow a change of the child’s full name, date and place of birth. It should be noted that the date of birth cannot differ by more than three months.

Having a court decision, the applicant is obliged to contact the civil registry office at the place of residence. State registration occurs upon presentation of a court decision on adoption, as well as a written or oral statement from the adoptive parent. The adoptive parent must present identification. A calendar month is allotted to complete this procedure from the date of the court decision.

After completing these procedures, the adoptive parent must pick up the child at his place of residence and inform the relevant services.

Required Documentation

Having made the appropriate choice, the adoptive parent begins the process in court. For this, the following documents are required:

1. adoption application;
2. documentation on the applicant’s registration with the PPP authorities;
3. agreement of the child (if he is over 10 years old);
4. a list of papers provided to the guardianship authorities in 2 copies.

Court hearings are held within the periods established by law. The following must be present at the meeting:

• Adoptive parent.
• Representatives of guardianship authorities.
• Child.
• Its representatives.

If the applicant so desires, the court is able to allow a change in the name, date and place of birth of the baby. It must be said that the date of birth cannot differ by more than 3 months.

ATTENTION! Having a court decision, the applicant must contact the civil registry office at his place of residence. Registration by state authorities is carried out upon presentation of a decision of a judicial authority on adoption, as well as a written or oral application of the adoptive parent.

He is required to provide identification. To complete this procedure, 30 days will be allotted from the date of the court decision.

After completing all procedures, the adoptive parent is obliged to pick up the baby at his place of residence and inform certain services.

It is also worth bringing a standard package of documents for adoption. It includes:

• Birth certificate of the adoptive parent.
• Passport details.
• Autobiography.
• Conclusion with medical institutions on Form 542.
• Certificate of no criminal record.
• Documentation of ownership of housing or the right of temporary residence.
• Certificate from place of employment or photocopy of tax return.
• Act of inspection of housing conditions by guardianship authorities.

Certificates are valid for a year, honey. conclusion – 3 months from the date of provision by the institution. Guardianship authorities have the right to require additional documentation, for example, characteristics from the place of work.

Honey. The examination for citizens who wish to become adoptive parents is carried out free of charge, as it is included in the compulsory medical insurance program.

Suspicions from guardianship authorities

Guardianship authorities are required to have an understanding of the real motives for adoption and the seriousness of the intentions of the future adoptive parent, regardless of gender and marital status.

For OPP employees, the main goal is the safety of the baby. This makes them more suspicious of a single adoptive parent.

It is no secret that there are people who want to profit from adoption, and also have other criminal motives. An interview with the guardianship authorities is conducted to weed out such candidates immediately. It is the guardianship authorities who decide whether a person is capable of raising a child.

The specialist will carefully analyze the received application, check the data from the autobiography, living conditions, and the situation in the family. The absence of a stamp in the passport will not be a guarantee condition for the refusal of the guardianship authorities, however, you need to be prepared for a lengthy check than what happens to married couples.

What difficulties may arise during adoption?

It should be noted that, in general, the process of adopting a child by a single man does not differ from the process of adoption by other candidates.

The most important thing is to overcome some difficulties, they may be as follows:

1. public opinion. It is necessary to overcome the stereotypes that have appeared in society;
2. you should try hard to replace not only the father, but also the mother for the baby;
3. it is important for the guardianship and trusteeship authorities to prove that you are a worthy candidate for adoptive parents;
4. it is necessary to ignore the psychological pressure that can be exerted by the guardianship and trusteeship authorities. You should not yet succumb to pressure from close relatives;
5. It is recommended to mentally prepare for all possible difficulties of raising a minor child alone.

It is important to get to know the child you want to adopt in advance. You need to find a common language with him so that he gets used to you. You should visit the child throughout the period of consideration of the potential adoptive parent’s documents.

Adoption is a fairly lengthy procedure that involves the transfer of an orphan child from a maternity or orphanage to an adoptive parent.

A candidate can be not only an unmarried woman and a childless couple, but also a single representative of the stronger sex. It is very important for him to prove to the guardianship authorities that he will become a good father to a boy or girl who does not have natural parents.

In this case, the applicant must have good living conditions, a stable income above average, a permanent job, property, as well as certain personal qualities. Only in this case will his candidacy be considered. He should also prepare for various tricky questions from the guardianship and trusteeship authorities.

What difficulties might there be?

A male adoptive parent may face many difficulties, psychological and material. The school of foster parents provides general knowledge in psychology, but each child is individual. The period of adaptation in the family depends on the age of the child.

With the advent of a child in life, the daily routine, the amount of spending, and the attitude towards life changes. Psychologists and teachers believe that in an incomplete family, a child cannot fully join family values ​​and accept his gender role.

Even the best father will not be able to completely replace the child’s mother due to the fact that the parental instinct manifests itself differently in women and men. First of all, this concerns household amenities: cooking, washing, cleaning, hygiene procedures. However, these are mostly stereotypes, since a man living alone gets used to taking care of himself - ensuring the cleanliness and order of his home, preparing food, etc.

However, it is easier for a man to provide for the needs of a child than for a woman. It is easier for men to find a decent, well-paid job.

Men are more likely than women to be willing to hire a maid or a nanny if necessary. A man, among other things, can ask his relatives for help.

It should be noted that a man who has adopted a child has the right to state-guaranteed child benefits, benefits, as well as parental leave if the child is under 3 years of age.