General provisions
The general provisions section contains information about the categories of citizens who have the right to receive a certificate of incapacity for work in the Russian Federation. Sick leave is issued to all insured persons residing in the Russian Federation:
- citizens of the Russian Federation;
- Foreign citizens;
- stateless persons.
The condition for issuing a certificate of incapacity for work is official employment:
- all persons working under an employment contract;
- civil servants;
- members of production cooperatives and farms;
- clergy;
- lawyers;
- individual entrepreneurs.
All of these categories must have a medical insurance policy valid in Russia.
Important! Sick leave is issued to people who have an insured event (injury or illness), even after dismissal. The valid period is 30 days from the date of termination of the employment contract.
LVN is also issued to women who become pregnant within a year before the termination of the employment contract. People who are registered with the employment service have the right to receive sick leave.
Certificates of incapacity for work can be issued by persons who have a medical license and have completed training in the examination of incapacity for work:
- attending physicians;
- paramedics and midwives;
- dentists.
They are not issued to hospital ambulance workers, blood transfusion stations, hospital emergency departments, or sanatorium-resort institutions.
Important! Sick leave can only be issued if you have a passport.
If a person works for several employers for two years or more, he is issued certificates of incapacity for work for each place of work. If a person works in several places for less than two years, he is given one sick leave for the place of work of his choice.
A medical professional issues a medical device after examining the patient and establishing the fact of his illness. This is an examination of temporary disability. The examination must be recorded in the outpatient card or medical history. LVN forms are also registered there. Sick leave is issued on the day of application or upon completion of treatment. If long-term treatment is necessary, the medical organization conducts a commission at which the patient’s condition is determined and a decision is made to extend the LVN.
Useful article on the topic: Calculation of temporary disability benefits
What are the new rules for issuing certificates of incapacity for part-time workers?
Order 925 of September 1, 2020 introduced serious changes to the procedure for issuing sick leave to persons who have entered into employment contracts with several employers at once. These changes mainly concern electronic sick leave:
- The person is registered with the same employers for whom he worked during the entire billing period - the two previous years. Paper sick leave is issued for all employers separately. An electronic one is generated under one number and transmitted to each employer.
- At the time of the insured event, the employee was employed by some employers, but during the billing period he worked for others. The paper document is drawn up in one copy and sent to any of the last places of work (the employee independently decides which one). The electronic slip is also generated under one number; it needs to be submitted to only one employer at the discretion of the insured person.
- At the time of incapacity, the person worked for several employers, and during the billing period he was employed by them and additionally by others. A paper sheet can be issued for each employer separately, and one - for presentation to only one employer. Electronic sick leave is generated under one number, and it can be transferred either to each place of work, or to where the employee wants to receive benefits.
The procedure for issuing a certificate of incapacity for work when sending citizens for a medical and social examination
People with persistent and irreversible disabilities and self-care are referred to MSE. The examination is indicated for people when:
- unfavorable labor and clinical prognosis;
- favorable prognosis in case of injuries, reconstructive operations, and tuberculosis;
- the need to strengthen the disability group for working disabled people.
If a person is assigned a disability, the temporary disability ends the day before this fact.
Important! If the patient refuses to appear for medical examination, temporary disability ends on the day of refusal. The sick leave is closed, making a note about the violation of the regime.
The procedure for issuing a certificate of incapacity for caring for a sick family member
If one of the family members temporarily loses the ability to self-care, a relative or guardian is given sick leave for care. LVN is issued for the care of:
- a child under 7 years of age for the entire period of his treatment;
- a child from 7 to 15 years old for a period of 15 days;
- a disabled child under 18 years of age for the entire period of treatment;
- a child with HIV infection for the entire period of inpatient treatment.
If two children fall ill at the same time, one LVN is issued. If more than two children are ill at the same time, two LVNs are issued. If the second child gets sick later than the first, LVN is extended until the second one recovers.
They do not issue LVN for the care of:
- adult patients undergoing inpatient treatment;
- chronic patients without exacerbation;
- during the period of leave - annual, maternity, maternity leave.
LVN for caring for an adult patient is issued for a period of no more than 3 days.
The procedure for issuing a certificate of incapacity for work during quarantine
Quarantine is established for persons who have been in contact with infectious patients, as well as for bacteria carriers. The LVN is issued by an infectious disease specialist or therapist. The period of disability depends on the incubation period of the disease.
If a child or an incapacitated family member is in quarantine, the relative is issued a LVN to care for the latter in accordance with the order on certificates of incapacity for work.
People with diagnosed helminthiasis who work in the food industry are given LVN for the entire period of deworming.
Sick leave when restrictive measures are introduced: nuances
The coronavirus pandemic and the implementation of measures to combat it significantly influenced the decision of legislators to approve new rules for issuing sick leave under restrictive measures.
Order 925n dated 09/01/2020 establishes that sick leave is issued for the entire period of restrictions being introduced to those persons who, due to the unfavorable epidemiological situation, are ordered to comply with the self-isolation regime.
Sick leave for the care of children under 7 years of age attending kindergartens, or incapacitated family members will be issued in cases where quarantines are introduced in kindergartens and other relevant institutions at the local or federal level.
In addition, a visit to the doctor is no longer mandatory to obtain a sick leave certificate. Now the doctor will be able to prescribe it after seeing the patient remotely via telemedicine technologies. Such sick leave is issued only electronically by a doctor or paramedic entered in the Federal Register of Health Workers and working in a medical institution, also included in the corresponding register of medical organizations. This rule also applies to sick leave issued in connection with the upcoming birth.
The procedure for issuing a certificate of incapacity for work during pregnancy and childbirth
Working pregnant women receive LVN for pregnancy and childbirth from the 30th week. Sick leave is issued at a time, its duration is 140 days. An obstetrician-gynecologist or therapist draws up a certificate of incapacity for work.
If a woman has a multiple pregnancy, she is given sick leave at 28 weeks. The duration of incapacity for work is 194 days.
The woman’s refusal to register for medical treatment is recorded in the medical documentation. If she applies again with a request for sick leave later than 30 weeks of pregnancy, she is issued a LVN from the day of the 30th week.
Important! If a multiple pregnancy was discovered only during childbirth, an additional LVN for a period of 54 days is issued by the maternity hospital.
In case of complications of childbirth, an additional LVN is issued for a period of 16 days. For premature birth before the 30th week, the maternity hospital issues sick leave for 156 days.
If a woman adopts a child under 3 months old, she is given sick leave for 70 days from the date of birth of the child.
Registration of sick leave for pregnant women: how periods of incapacity have increased
Order 925n, by order of the Ministry of Health, contributed to an increase in the duration of the period of incapacity for some categories of women:
- 200 days is the maximum duration of sick leave for pregnancy and childbirth. Women who are carrying two or more babies and who live in areas contaminated by the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, the Mayak Production Association and the dumping of waste into the Techa River have the right to count on it. In order 624n the maximum approved period was 194 days.
- If the baby is born before the 22nd week of pregnancy and lives for more than six days, the woman will be entitled to at least 156 calendar days of sick leave.
A guide to personnel issues from Consultant Plus will help you send a pregnant employee on maternity leave without violating legal requirements. Get online access to the system for free and find out everything about this type of vacation.
Filling out a certificate of incapacity for work
The rules for registering LVN are prescribed in Order 624 of 2011. The 2021 edition makes minor amendments.
- All entries are made with a black gel or fountain pen. The use of blue paste or ballpoint pen is unacceptable. Letters are in capital letters. The use of printing devices is allowed.
- Special cells are provided for records. You need to fill it out from the first cell.
- Stamps should not fall on the cells, affecting the readability of the entered text.
- The seal of a medical organization must correspond to its name. Some organizations dealing with socially significant diseases have the right not to indicate their name.
If errors were made when filling out the form, it is considered damaged. Instead of such a form, a duplicate is issued.
Errors when filling out the form are:
- using a blue ballpoint pen;
- making entries in capital letters;
- making extraneous entries;
- changing the name of the medical institution, specialty and surname of the doctor, patient data, dates of incapacity for work;
- blots, correction with a proofreader.
When a new form is issued, a note is made in it that it is a duplicate. At the top of the form indicate the number of the damaged sick leave.
Continuation of LVN is issued if the patient is incapacitated for work after 15 days. The number of the previous sick leave is written down on the form and the note “continues to be ill” is made.
Instructions for filling out the form include the following points:
- put o or “duplicate”;
- the number of the previous form is indicated;
- the date of issue of the LVN is indicated;
- indicate the patient's last name, first name and patronymic;
- indicate the specialty, surname and initials of the doctor;
- write the name of the place of work;
- indicate the type of LVN - main or part-time.
The patient signs in a special column at the bottom of the form.
According to the order of the Ministry of Health, each medical organization where a person is treated issues its own certificate of incapacity for work.
The form has a section for the employer to fill out. Here, too, only a black gel or fountain pen is used, but corrections are allowed. If an accounting employee makes a mistake, the entry is crossed out, and the correct entry is entered on the back of the form. The correction is confirmed by the entry “corrected to believe”, the signature and seal of the employer.
