Where can an employee apply for sick leave if he or she gets sick?
At the first signs of illness, the employee must immediately contact a medical institution to open a certificate of incapacity for work. The doctor will conduct an examination, make an entry in the medical record and tell you how many days you need to spend treatment at home.
Sick leave is issued by a medical organization that has a license for medical activities and examination of temporary disability. In the clinic, a certificate of incapacity for work can be issued by the following specialists:
- therapist;
- ENT;
- traumatologist;
- surgeon;
- gynecologist;
- dentist;
- neurologist;
- cardiologist.
Sick leave is issued by polyclinics of various profiles: regular, dental, children's, oncology, psychiatric, drug treatment.
Important! Sick leave certificates are not issued by ambulance and blood transfusion station employees, sanatorium doctors, hospital reception staff, ultrasound doctors, or laboratory doctors.
How to properly open a certificate of incapacity for work?
Opening a sick leave in a clinic is carried out as follows:
- A sick employee goes to the clinic at his place of residence and is examined by a doctor.
- If there are signs of illness, the doctor opens a sick leave certificate on the day of treatment and informs about the preliminary duration of treatment. A certificate of incapacity for work is not opened retroactively. The patient is informed of the date of the next visit, after which it is necessary to make an appointment through the reception desk.
- If the company has a medical center, the employee may first contact a medical professional at the workplace. He will be given a referral to the clinic to undergo an examination for the opening of the sick leave. The day the certificate of incapacity for work is opened will be considered the day the employee goes to the medical center.
- Depending on your health condition and treatment results, additional examinations may be performed and new medications may be prescribed. In such a situation, sick leave is extended until complete recovery.
- If you seek medical help after the end of working hours, at the request of the employee, the list of incapacity for work is not opened on the next day.
You should know! It is advisable to obtain a doctor's appointment card in advance to reduce waiting time. You must have a passport and medical insurance with you. The registry specialist may additionally ask for SNILS.
How to close a sick leave sheet correctly
Sick leave during maternity leave
How is it paid?
The number of payments expected to be paid during the employee’s illness is a significantly smaller amount than wages.
This is due to the fact that the calculation is made on the basis of average earnings for the two years that precede the issuance of sick leave.
It is important that funds are calculated only according to the citizen’s official salary.
If the official employment experience is less than six months, the minimum wage (minimum wage) is paid in accordance with the measures established by law. For 2021, the minimum wage is 9,489 rubles.
Funds are paid according to accumulated work experience.
The longer the official work experience, the greater the amount of money:
- Citizens who have officially worked for eight years or more should be paid sick leave in the amount of one hundred percent compensation of average earnings;
- Employees with five to eight years of experience are entitled to an eighty percent payment of the citizen’s average daily profit;
- Those with less than five years of experience are paid only sixty percent of the average salary.
Depending on the basis on which payment for sick leave is calculated (illness, pregnancy, etc.), the calculation may vary slightly.
You can correctly calculate the number of preferred payments on the FSS website using a special online calculator, into which you only need to enter individual data.
The general formula for calculation is given below:
As an example, a worker fell ill in 2021. Work experience – 9 years. The amount of total earnings for 2021 and 2021 was 500,000 and 550,000 rubles, respectively. In total, over two years, he earned 1,050,000 rubles. The data is substituted into the formula, and the average earnings are obtained: per day it is equal to 1,438 rubles.
Since the work experience is more than eight years, 100% compensation is paid. The duration of sick leave is 7 days. From this you can calculate the total amount of compensation: 1438 x 7 = 10066 rubles.
If the work experience is more than eight years, then 100% compensation is paid - 10,000 rubles
Is it possible to open a sick leave at a clinic on a day off?
It happens that symptoms of the disease appear on the weekend when the clinic is not open. In such a situation, you can open a sick leave in the following ways:
- contact the doctor on duty at the clinic (usually he sees on Saturday);
- visit a private medical center that has a license to examine temporary disability, giving the right to issue sick leave;
- negotiate with your employer about time off and go to the clinic on the first working day after the weekend.
After opening a sick leave, you should notify the employer about your illness and inability to come to work. If this condition is met, time away from work will not be considered absenteeism. All you have to do is call the HR department or your immediate supervisor.
Snezhana Pogontseva
Lawyer, author-editor of the website (Family law, 12 years of experience)
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When and how to notify your employer
When issuing a certificate of incapacity for work, the employee is obliged to notify the employer on the same day. This can be done by telephone or notified via email. Timely information will help the employer plan the progress of work, distribute responsibilities and prepare accounting and reporting documentation.
In the event of an emergency, in particular an accident, about the impossibility of going to work, the employer is notified by medical workers: paramedic, emergency doctor.
Is it possible to open a sick leave from home without visiting a clinic?
It happens that an employee’s health does not allow him to come to the clinic for an appointment with a doctor. In such a situation, you need to call the reception and call a medical professional to your home. During the day, the doctor will arrive at your place of residence, conduct an examination, and prescribe treatment.
Also, during an at-home examination, data about the patient is taken to open a sick leave certificate. The patient is given a date to appear at the clinic for examination and treatment monitoring. Next, you will need to make an appointment and come to the doctor at the appointed time.
If additional treatment is necessary, the sick leave will be extended and a new date of appearance will be determined.
Who can apply?
- Citizens engaged in official labor activities , including priests, individual entrepreneurs and lawyers;
- People who become ill or injured within thirty days from the date of termination of the employment contract;
- Civilians who were officially recognized as unemployed and registered with the employment service;
- Women who were fired due to the termination of the activities of individual entrepreneurs, liquidation of the enterprise, termination of the powers of lawyers or notaries, as well as during pregnancy for up to twelve months, from the moment they received official unemployed status.
Is it possible to open a sick leave at a clinic in another city?
In practice, situations are common when signs of the disease appear while staying in another locality. For example, an employee went on vacation outside his city and, due to illness, was unable to go to work on time.
A medical policy gives patients the right to go to a clinic at their location. Such visits are counted as the provision of medical care to nonresidents.
When visiting a clinic in another city, a sick leave certificate is opened in accordance with the general procedure. The doctor will record the request, prescribe the necessary treatment, and issue a conclusion.
We must remember! If a sick employee does not have time to recover and close his sick leave, he can return home and go to the clinic at his place of residence. In such a situation, the certificate of incapacity for work will be extended by issuing a “continuation” on a new form. When calculating temporary disability benefits, the entire period of illness will be taken into account.
How to get a sick leave certificate on paper?
As a general rule, a certificate of incapacity for work is issued on paper. Medical organizations use a special form protected from counterfeiting. Registration of sick leave on the form is carried out as follows:
- At the appointment, the doctor fills out information about the medical organization, the patient, the reason for the visit, and the date of onset of the disease.
- Information about the issued document is entered into a special journal.
- At the end of the illness, the doctor indicates the date of closure of the sick leave, puts his signature and seal.
- Next, the seal of the medical organization is affixed.
In most clinics, sick leave registration is handled by a separate employee who fills out the document in printed form using a special program.
How to receive sick leave electronically?
If the patient has agreed to issue a certificate of incapacity for work electronically, the medical worker enters all the necessary information into the Social Insurance Fund database.
Electronic sick leave is opened as follows:
- The patient fills out a written consent to receive an electronic newsletter.
- The medical worker opens a sick leave and prints out information about the document on paper: number, opening date, patient’s full name.
- The employer finds the certificate of incapacity for work by number and, after the end of the illness, fills out its part.
Electronic sick leave sheets make it possible to simplify the process of opening and processing them. The patient does not waste time visiting several offices to fill out mandatory information, affix the doctor’s signature and the necessary stamps.
Delivery deadlines
A certificate of temporary incapacity for work is issued for 2 weeks (15 calendar days) . After this period, the document can be extended for another 2 weeks , including weekends , by decision of the medical commission. The document can be extended until full recovery, but no more than 10 months. After surgery for cancer, the extension period is 12 months.
During sanatorium and resort treatment, sick leave is extended by 24 days. A certificate of incapacity for work due to pregnancy is issued within 30 weeks and lasts 140 days. In case of multiple pregnancy, the document opens at 28 weeks and lasts 194 days.
In what cases will the clinic refuse to open a sick leave?
Employees who go to the clinic do not always receive sick leave.
The opening of a certificate of incapacity for work may be refused if the following circumstances exist:
- the citizen has no signs of illness;
- the citizen is under arrest;
- the employee undergoes a medical examination;
- the patient is undergoing examination and treatment for a chronic disease in remission;
- the patient is a student.
Advice! If there are no grounds for opening a sick leave, but the employee needs to be released from work, you can try contacting a neurologist with complaints of pain in the neck or back. It is difficult to verify the authenticity of such symptoms. You can also go on sick leave with a sick child due to ARVI. In this case, a certificate of incapacity for work is opened for the parent, since the minor will not be able to attend kindergarten or school; he must be cared for at home.
Registration of sick leave
The preparation of this document is carried out by the above-mentioned doctors, filling out a special form, in the empty cells of which the individual data of the patient is entered in block letters (manually or on a computer).
After this, the medical institution that prepared the document certifies it by affixing stamps (upper and lower corners of the form).
After this, the upper part of the form is given to the HR department employee. It is on the basis of this part of the temporary disability form that calculations are made and funds are paid. And the second part (lower) remains in the medical institution that issued the document.
Also, in this form, fill out the part that is subject to the employer’s records.
It includes:
- Company name;
The data is indicated whether the place of work is the main one, or whether the work activity is carried out part-time;- employee tax identification number;
- Registration number and code of the insured worker;
- Number of insurance fees paid;
- The time frame within which monetary compensation is calculated.
In addition, there is a separate line “Calculation conditions”, which is filled in only if the employee has an assigned disability group, or he has officially worked at this enterprise for less than six months.
In the event that temporary disability occurs after an accident during the performance of work duties, doctors enter data in the line “Act Form No. N-1”.
In a situation where the employment contract with the employee was previously terminated, the line “Start date of work” is filled in.
The completed sick leave form, in its final form, is certified by the manager and chief accountant of the company.
Only after this, a separate sheet is added to it, according to the established procedure, on which monetary compensation is calculated.
, a sample filling and a sample certificate of appointment can be found by clicking on the links below:
Certificate of assignment of sick leave benefits
